Last updated:  December 2011

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Probability challenge     Taught earlier...     Solutions to past exams


Euro-degrees (G101 and G104 students) rules and information, as of 2011


Probability 3 and 34 (2011)
(L2, L3 lectures' notes)  (L7 lecture notes)

F.A.Q:

Q: Which proofs can be asked on the exam?
A: All of the course material is examinable (including the proof of the strong law in the harder case).

Q: Suppose Xn are independent, and Xn→X in probability. How to show that X is a.s. a constant?
A: Suppose that X is not a constant a.s. What does this mean? Can there be α and β with α<β, such that P(X<α)>0 and P(X>β)>0 ? Now use independence of Xn and Xn+1.

Q: Which proofs can be asked on the exam?
A: All of the course material is examinable (including the proof of the strong law in the harder case).

Q: If asked to prove that convergence a.s. implies convergence in probability, would we need to state and prove the Lemma (XnX a.s. iff P(sup|Xn-X|>epsilon)0 ) as stated in the notes?
A: Yes, as it is essentially the proof of the statement.


First year probability challenge: click HERE